· Arjuna - "I wish to know the truth about Sannyāsa and Tyāga distinctly."
· The great thinkers (kavayah) know that Sannyāsam is the renunciation of all Karma that are based on desires.
· The vicakșaņāh (wise) call Tyāga as the renunciation of all Results of Karma.
· Thus one group of great thinkers say Karma is evil and must be given up. While others say Yajña, Dāna, Tapah karma must never be given up.
· Hear from Me about Tyāga. Tyāga has been declared to be of three kinds.
· Acts of Yajña, Dāna and Tapah are never to be given up. They must be performed. They certainly purify even the wise thinkers.
· But all these activities should be performed renouncing attachments and also results. They should be performed as kartavyā (a matter of duty). That is definitely My best opinion.
· Sannyāsa of prescribed Karma is never deserved. (Such) parityāgah (renunciation) caused by their illusion, is declared as Tāmasah.
· Giving up karma
· because it will cause sorrow, or
· fearing that it will bring sufferings to the body.
· He after doing (such) Rājasam tyāga, never gains the results of Tyāga.
· A niyatam (prescribed) Karma is done simply because it has to be done. Giving up all attachments as well as results (associated with it), such Tyāga is sāttvikah in my opinion.
· Neither hates akuśala (inauspicious) karma nor gets attached to kuśala (auspicious) karma, the Tyāgi absorbed in Sattva, is intelligent, having cut off all doubts.
· It is indeed impossible for one possessing a body to give up all Karma. But anyone who renounces the results of Karma is known as Tyāgi.
· For those who are Atyāgi, threefold results of Karma
· anistam (undesirable, disagreeable)
· istam (desirable, agreeable)
· miśram (combination or mixed)
· comes into being, after their death.
· But never for Sannyāsi.
· Learn from Me, as per Sānkhya conclusions (kŗtānte), these five kārana (causes) are described for the accomplishment of all Karma.
· Adhișţhānam, (place of action, body)
· Kartā, (doer)
· various kinds of Karana, (instruments)
· various and separate Ceșţāh (efforts)
· Daivam
· A person begins karma with his
· body,
· speech and
· mind
· Whether (the karma is) Nyāyya (right) or the opposite (Anyāyya - wrong), all these (above) five are its causes.
· Therefore one who (considers) ātmānam (his Self) only as the kartā, sees without intelligence, he, durmatih (is a evil-minded) never sees (the truth).
· One whose intelligence is never attached and whose nature never considers his-Self to be the doer (nahankrto bhāvo), even while killing in this loka, he neither (actually) kills, nor gets tied up.
· Threefold codanā (stimulators) of Karma are
· jñānam (knowledge)
· jñeyam (the knowable)
· parijñātā (the knower)
· Threefold sangraha (accumulation/constituents) of Karma are
· karaņam
· karma
· kartā
· Threefold divisions of Guņa are said
· jñāna
· karma
· kartā
· Hear one by one Guņa, as they are and also all of them.
